Fatigue Flexural Performance of Short-Span Reinforced Concrete T-Beams Considering Overloading Effect

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2020-15.474

Keywords:

fatigue life, fatigue limit, overloading, reinforced concrete beams, short-span, S-N curve, stress range

Abstract

Traffic volume increase and higher proportion of heavier trucks have raised the potential risk of fatigue failure of short-span reinforced concrete beams. To investigate the fatigue behavior of short-span reinforced concrete beams with and without the overload effect, nine 5 m reinforced concrete T-beams were cast and tested. Two beams were tested under static loading to determine the ultimate strength; the remaining seven beams were subjected to cyclic loading with constant-amplitude load ranges. In addition, two of the seven beams were subjected to instant overloading. It was observed that the typical failure mode under cyclic loading was the fatigue fracture of tensile reinforcing bars. The introduction of instant overloading resulted in a remarkable reduction of fatigue life. Among all the parameters, the stress range of the reinforcing bars showed the highest effect on the fatigue life. In the end, the fatigue safety provisions in the current reinforced concrete beam design codes were evaluated based on the fatigue limits and S-N curves.

References

Al-Qadi, I. L., Wang, H., Ouyang, Y., Grimmelsman, K., & Purdy, J. E. (2016). LTBP program’s literature review on weigh-in-motion systems. United States. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Infrastructure Research and Development.

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. (2012). AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications.

American Concrete Institute. (1997). ACI 215R-74: Considerations for design of concrete structures subjected to fatigue loading.

Biezma, M. V., & Schanack, F. (2007). Collapse of steel bridges. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 21(5), 398–405. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3828(2007)21:5(398)

Bishara, A. G. (1982). Some aspects of dynamic response of rectangular reinforced concrete beams. Special Publication, 75, 235–252.

British Standards Institution. (2004). Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures: Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings.

British Standards Institution. (2005). Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures. Part 1-9: Fatigue.

Corley, W. G., Hanson, J. M., and Helgason, T. (1978). Design of reinforced concrete for fatigue. Journal of Structure Division, ASCE, 104(6), 921–932.

Federal Highway Administration. (2007). Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) for Highway Bridge Superstructures.

Federation Internationale du Beton. (2010). Model Code 2010.

Gatti, M. (2019). Structural health monitoring of an operational bridge: A case study. Engineering Structures, 195, 200–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.05.102

Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. (2015). GB 50010-2015: Code for design of concrete structures.

Han, W., Wu, J., Cai, C., & Chen, S. (2014). Characteristics and dynamic impact of overloaded extra heavy trucks on typical highway bridges. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 20(2), 05014011. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000666

Heffernan, P., & Erki, M. (2004). Fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced plastic laminates. Journal of Composites for Construction, 8(2), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2004)8:2(132)

Helagson, T., & Hanson, J. (1974). Investigation of design factors affecting fatigue strength of reinforcing bars-statistical analysis. Special Publication, 41, 107–138.

Helgason, T., Hanson, J. M., Somes, N. F., Corley, W., & Hognestad, E. J. N. R. (1976). Fatigue strength of high-yield reinforcing bars. ACI Journal, 71(164).

Herwig, A. (2008). Reinforced concrete bridges under increased railway traffic loads. PhD Dissertation, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Highway Research Board. (1962). The AASHO road test. Report 7. Summary Report.

Johansson, U. (2004). Fatigue tests and analysis of reinforced concrete bridge deck models. MSc Thesis, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.

Maddah, N. (2013). Fatigue life assessment of roadway bridges based on actual traffic loads. PhD Dissertation, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Mallet, G. P. (1991). Fatigue of reinforced concrete. London: HMSO Publications Centre.

Matsumoto, N., Yumazumi, K., & Miyamoto, Y. (1990). A study of fatigue life of reinforced concrete beam with multiple tension reinforcing bars. Railway Technical Research Institute, Quarterly Reports, 31(3).

Menzies, J. B. (1971). The fatigue strength of steel reinforcement in concrete. Building Research Station, U.K., Current Paper CP 16/71.

Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC. (2017). GB 50017-2017: Standard for design of steel structures.

Mirzazadeh, M. M., Noël, M., & Green, M. F. (2017). Fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete beams with temperature differentials at room and low temperature. Journal of Structural Engineering, 143(7), 04017056. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784480427.025

Nagesh, H. E., & Rao, G. A. (2016). Fatigue behavior of lightly reinforced concrete beams in flexure due to overload. In 9th International conference on fracture mechanics of concrete and concrete structures. California, USA, 22–25 May 2016.

National Standard of the People’s Republic of China. (2017). GB/T 1499.1-2017: Steel for the reinforcement of concrete – Part 1: Hot rolled plain bars.

National Standard of the People’s Republic of China. (2018). GB/T 1499.2-2018: Steel for the reinforcement of concrete – Part 2: Hot rolled ribbed bars.

Olsson, K., & Pettersson, J. (2010). Fatigue assessment methods for reinforced concrete bridges in eurocode. comparative study of design methods for railway bridges. MSc Thesis, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.

Papakonstantinou, C. G., Petrou, M. F., & Harries, K. A. (2001). Fatigue behaviour of RC beams strengthened with GFRP sheets. Journal of Composites for Construction, 5(4), 246–253. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2001)5:4(246)

Pimentel, M., Brühwiler, E., & Figueiras, J. (2008). Fatigue life of short-span reinforced concrete railway bridges. Structural Concrete, 9(4), 215–222. https://doi.org/10.1680/stco.2008.9.4.215

Roper, H., & Hetherington, G. (1982). Fatigue of reinforced concrete beams in air, chloride solution, and sea water. Special Publication, 75, 307–330.

Schlalli, M., & Briihwiler, E. (1998). Shear fatigue failure of reinforced concrete elements without shear reinforcement. In Proceedings of the 12th Biennial Conference on Fracture (ECF-12), U.K., Sheffield, 14–18 September 1998.

Soltani, A., Harries, K. A., Shahrooz, B. M., Russell, H. G., & Miller, R. A. (2011). Fatigue performance of high-strength reinforcing steel. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 17(3), 454–461. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000281

Tarifa, M., Zhang, X., Ruiz, G., & Poveda, E. (2015). Full-scale fatigue tests of precast reinforced concrete slabs for railway tracks. Engineering Structures, 100, 610–621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.06.016

Teworte, F., Herbrand, M., & Hegger, J. (2015). Structural assessment of concrete bridges in germany—Shear resistance under static and fatigue loading. Structural Engineering International, 25(3), 266–274. https://doi.org/10.2749/101686615X14210663188411

The Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. (2015). JTG D60-2015: General specifications for design of highway bridges and culverts.

Transport Planning and Research Institute (Ministry of Transport China). (1984). JT/GQS 025-1984: Road bridge and culvert design drawing – prefabricated reinforced concrete T-beams.

Treacy, M. A., & Brühwiler, E. (2013). Extreme action effects in reinforced concrete bridges from monitoring. IABSE Symposium Report, 99(27), 341–348. https://doi.org/10.2749/222137813806474642

Walker, E., Austen, I., Harrison, T., & Morley, J. (1975). Fatigue and corrosion fatigue of reinforcement bars. In Proc. Conf. Underwater Construction Technology. Department of Civil and Structural Engineering Report, University College, Cardiff.

Wang, C., & Zhai, M. (2013). Fatigue safety monitoring and fatigue life evaluation for existing concrete bridges. In 13th International Conference on Fracture. Beijing, China, 16–21 June 2008.

Wang, C., Zhai, M., Duan, L., & Wang, Q. (2015). Fatigue service life evaluation of existing steel and concrete bridges. Advanced Steel Construction, 11(3), 305–321. https://doi.org/10.18057/IJASC.2015.11.3.5

Wardhana, K., & Hadipriono, F. C. (2003). Analysis of recent bridge failures in the United States. Journal of performance of constructed facilities, 17(3), 144–150. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3828(2003)17:3(144)

Yuan, M., Yan, D., Zhong, H., & Liu, Y. (2017). Experimental investigation of high-cycle fatigue behavior for prestressed concrete box-girders. Construction Building Materials, 157, 424–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.131

Zhang, J., Li, P., Mao, Y., & Dong, Z. (2019). The mechanical properties of reinforced concrete plate-girders when placed under repeated simulated vehicle loads. Materials, 12(11), 1831. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12111831

Zhang, J., Peng, H., & Cai, C. (2010). Field study of overload behavior of an existing reinforced concrete bridge under simulated vehicle loads. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 16(2), 226–237. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000140

Downloads

Published

25.06.2020

How to Cite

Zhuang, C., Zhang, J., & Jiang, R. (2020). Fatigue Flexural Performance of Short-Span Reinforced Concrete T-Beams Considering Overloading Effect. The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering, 15(2), 89-110. https://doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2020-15.474