A Study of the Deflections of Metal Road Guardrail Post
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3846/bjrbe.2010.15Keywords:
traffic safety, guardrail, beam, post, deflection, motor vehicle, speed, mathematical model, simulationAbstract
Road guardrails of various types (made of reinforced concrete, cable and metal) are installed on the shoulders and traffic lanes of urban and suburban roads. Metal guardrails, consisting of Σ-shape and double T-shape metal posts and a protective W-shape horizontal beam, are the most popular. The deformation processes of the Σ-shape and double T-shape metal posts of the above-mentioned guardrails are examined. A mathematical model of Σ-shape (or double T-shape) metal post is developed. A metal post of Σ-shape (or double T-shape) is modeled, using one-dimensional firstorder finite elements, and taking into account elastic deformations, as well as the effect of soil on the buried post section of the guardrail. The deflections of Σ-shape and double T-shape metal posts caused by the impact of a motor vehicle moving at varying speed are determined.
References
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Boumediene, A.; Brahimi, K.; Belguesmia, N.; Bouakkaz, K. 2009. Saturation Flow Versus Green Time at Two-Stage Signal Controlled Intersections, Transport 24(4): 288–295. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.288-295
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Çalışkanelli, P.; Özuysal, M.; Tanyel, S.; Yayla, N. 2009. Comparison of Different Capacity Models for Traffic Circles, Transport 24(4): 257–264. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.257-264
Coon, B. A.; Reid, J. D. 2005. Crash Reconstruction Technique for Longitudinal Barriers, Journal of Transportation Engineering 131(1): 54–62. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2005)131:1(54)
Dragčević, V.; Korlaet, Ž.; Stančerić, I. 2008. Methods for Setting Road Vehicle Movement Trajectories, The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 3(2): 57–64. doi:10.3846/1822-427X.2008.3.57-64
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Gowri, A.; Sivanandan, R. 2008. Evaluation of Left Turn Channelization at a Signalized Intersection under Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions, Transport 23(3): 221–229. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2008.23.221-229
Ibitoye, A. B.; Hamouda, A. M. S.; Wong, S. V.; Radin, R. S. 2006. Simulation of Motorcyclist’s Kinematics during Impact with W-Beam Guardrail, Advances in Engineering Software 37(1): 56–61. doi:10.1016/j.advengsoft.2004.12.002
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Kinderytė-Poškienė, J.; Sokolovskij, E. 2008. Traffic Control Elements Influence on Accidents, Mobility and the Environment, Transport 23(1): 55–58. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2008.23.55-58
Lazda, Z.; Smirnovs, J. 2009. Evaluation of Road Traffic Safety Level in the State Main Road Network of Latvia, The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 4(4): 156–160. doi:10.3846/1822-427X.2009.4.156-160
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Mohan, P.; Marzougui, D.; Meczkowski, L.; Bedewi, N. 2005. Finite Element Modeling and Validation of a 3-Strand Cable Guardrail System, International Journal of Crashworthiness 10(3): 267–273. doi:10.1533/ijcr.2005.0345
Nagurnas, S.; Mickūnaitis, V.; Pečeliūnas, R.; Vestartas, A. 2008. Analysis of Calculation Methods Used for Accuracy Evaluation of the Results of Road Accident Examination, Transport 23(2): 156–160. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2008.23.156-160
Pelenytė-Vyšniauskienė, L.; Jurkauskas, A. 2007. The Research into Head Injury Criteria Dependence on Car Speed, Transport 22(4): 269–274.
Polivka, K. A.; Sicking, D. L.; Faller, R. K.; Bielenberg, R. W. 2008. Midwest Guardrail System Adjacent to a 2:1 Slope, Transportation Research Record 2060: 74–83. doi:10.3141/2060-09
Polivka, K. A.; Coon, B. A.; Sicking, D. L.; Faller, R. K.; Bielenberg, R. W.; Rohde, J. R.; Reid, J. D. 2007. Midwest Guardrail System W-Beam-to-Thrie-Beam Transition, Transportation Research Record 2025: 45 50. doi:10.3141/2025-04
Prentkovskis, O.; Sokolovskij, E.; Bartulis, V. 2010. Investigating Traffic Accidents: a Collision of Two Motor Vehicles, Transport 25(2): 105–115. doi:10.3846/transport.2010.14
Prentkovskis, O.; Beljatynskij, A.; Prentkovskienė, R.; Dyakov, I.; Dabulevičienė, L. 2009. A Study of the Deflections of Metal Road Guardrail Elements, Transport 24(3): 225–233. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.225-233
Prentkovskis, O.; Beljatynskij, A.; Prentkovskienė, R.; Lukoševičienė, O.; Sokolovskij, E. 2008. Investigation of Traffic Accident: Gate Deformations during Motor Vehicle–Gate Interaction, in Proc of the 8th International Conference Reliability and Statistics in Transportation and Communication (Rel-Stat‘08), October 15–18, 2008, Riga, Latvia. Riga, 251–255.
Prentkovskis, O.; Prentkovskienė, R.; Lukoševičienė, O. 2007. Investigation of Potential Deformations Developed by Elements of Transport and Pedestrian Traffic Restricting Gates During Motor Vehicle–Gate Interaction, Transport 22(3): 229–235.
Prentkovskis, O.; Sokolovskij, E. 2008. Computer-Run Simulation of Rollover of the Motor Vehicle, Transport and Telecommunication 9(1): 14–20.
Prentkovskis, O.; Bogdevičius, M. 2005. Investigation of Beam Metal Road Guardrail, in Proc of the 6th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”, vol. 2. Ed. by Čygas, D.; Froehner, K. D. May 26–27, 2005, Vilnius, Lithuania. Vilnius: Technika, 765–770.
Reid, J. D.; Kuipers, B. D.; Sicking, D. L.; Faller, R. K. 2009. Impact Performance of W-Beam Guardrail Installed at Various Flare Rates, International Journal of Impact Engineering 36(3): 476–485. doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.08.006
Sokolovskij, E.; Prentkovskis, O.; Pečeliūnas, R.; Kinderytė-Poškienė, J. 2007. Investigation of Automobile Wheel Impact on the Road Border, The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 2(3): 119–123.
Tan, K. S.; Tan, W.; Wong, S. V. 2008. Design of Motorcyclist-Friendly Guardrail Using Finite Element Analysis, International Journal of Crashworthiness 13(5): 567–577. doi:10.1080/13588260802293186
Šliupas, T. 2009. The Impact of Road Parameters and the Surrounding Area on Traffic Accidents, Transport 24(1): 42–47. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.42-47
Tautkus, A.; Bazaras, Ž. 2007. Modelling and Investigation of Car Collisions, Transport 22(4): 279–283.
Vansauskas, V.; Bogdevičius, M. 2009. Investigation into the Stability of Driving an Automobile on the Road Pavement with Ruts, Transport 24(2): 170–179. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.170-179
Viba, J.; Liberts, G.; Gonca, V. 2009. Car Rollover Collision with Pit Corner, Transport 24(1): 76–82. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.76-82
Vorobjovas, V.; Žilionienė, D. 2008. Evaluation of Shoulders Functions on Lithuanian Regional Roads, The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 3(4): 213–218. doi:10.3846/1822-427X.2008.3.213-218
Wu, W.; Thomson, R. 2007. A Study of the Interaction Between a Guardrail Post and Soil During Quasi-Static and Dynamic Loading, International Journal of Impact Engineering 34(5): 883–898. doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2006.04.004
Atahan, A. O. 2004. A Recommended Specification for Recycled Content Guardrail Posts, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 31(2): 228–238. doi:10.1139/l03-092
Atahan, A. O.; Bonin, G.; Cicinnati, L.; Yasarer, H. I. 2008. Development of European End-Treatment TWINY Using Simulation and Crash Testing, Journal of Transportation Engineering 134(11): 467–476. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2008)134:11(467)
Beljatynskij, A.; Kuzhel, N.; Prentkovskis, O.; Bakulich, O.; Klimenko, I. 2009. The Criteria Describing the Need for Highway Reconstruction Based on the Theory of Traffic Flows and Repay Time, Transport 24(4): 308–317. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.308-317
Boumediene, A.; Brahimi, K.; Belguesmia, N.; Bouakkaz, K. 2009. Saturation Flow Versus Green Time at Two-Stage Signal Controlled Intersections, Transport 24(4): 288–295. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.288-295
Cansiz, O. F.; Atahan, A. O. 2006. Crash Test Simulation of a Modified Thrie-Beam High Containment Level Guardrail under NCHRP Report 350 TL 4-12 Conditions, International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems 13(1–2): 2–18. doi:10.1504/IJHVS.2006.009114
Çalışkanelli, P.; Özuysal, M.; Tanyel, S.; Yayla, N. 2009. Comparison of Different Capacity Models for Traffic Circles, Transport 24(4): 257–264. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.257-264
Coon, B. A.; Reid, J. D. 2005. Crash Reconstruction Technique for Longitudinal Barriers, Journal of Transportation Engineering 131(1): 54–62. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2005)131:1(54)
Dragčević, V.; Korlaet, Ž.; Stančerić, I. 2008. Methods for Setting Road Vehicle Movement Trajectories, The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 3(2): 57–64. doi:10.3846/1822-427X.2008.3.57-64
Elvik, R.; Mysen, A. B.; Vaa, T. 1997. Trafikksikkerhetshandbok [Handbook of Traffic Safety]. Transportokonomisk institutt [Institute of Transport Economic], 3rd edition. Oslo.
Gowri, A.; Sivanandan, R. 2008. Evaluation of Left Turn Channelization at a Signalized Intersection under Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions, Transport 23(3): 221–229. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2008.23.221-229
Ibitoye, A. B.; Hamouda, A. M. S.; Wong, S. V.; Radin, R. S. 2006. Simulation of Motorcyclist’s Kinematics during Impact with W-Beam Guardrail, Advances in Engineering Software 37(1): 56–61. doi:10.1016/j.advengsoft.2004.12.002
Junevičius, R.; Bogdevičius, M. 2009. Mathematical Modelling of Network Traffic Flow, Transport 24(4): 333–338. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.333-338
Kapski, D.; Leonovich, I.; Ratkevičiūtė, K.; Miškinis, D. 2008. Implementation of Experimental Research in Road Traffic: Theory and Practice, The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 3(2): 101–108. doi:10.3846/1822-427X.2008.3.101-108
Kinderytė-Poškienė, J.; Sokolovskij, E. 2008. Traffic Control Elements Influence on Accidents, Mobility and the Environment, Transport 23(1): 55–58. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2008.23.55-58
Lazda, Z.; Smirnovs, J. 2009. Evaluation of Road Traffic Safety Level in the State Main Road Network of Latvia, The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 4(4): 156–160. doi:10.3846/1822-427X.2009.4.156-160
Macek, D.; Měšťanová, D. 2009. Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Crash Barrier Systems Types, The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 4(3): 108–114. doi:10.3846/1822-427X.2009.4.108-114
Mohan, P.; Marzougui, D.; Meczkowski, L.; Bedewi, N. 2005. Finite Element Modeling and Validation of a 3-Strand Cable Guardrail System, International Journal of Crashworthiness 10(3): 267–273. doi:10.1533/ijcr.2005.0345
Nagurnas, S.; Mickūnaitis, V.; Pečeliūnas, R.; Vestartas, A. 2008. Analysis of Calculation Methods Used for Accuracy Evaluation of the Results of Road Accident Examination, Transport 23(2): 156–160. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2008.23.156-160
Pelenytė-Vyšniauskienė, L.; Jurkauskas, A. 2007. The Research into Head Injury Criteria Dependence on Car Speed, Transport 22(4): 269–274.
Polivka, K. A.; Sicking, D. L.; Faller, R. K.; Bielenberg, R. W. 2008. Midwest Guardrail System Adjacent to a 2:1 Slope, Transportation Research Record 2060: 74–83. doi:10.3141/2060-09
Polivka, K. A.; Coon, B. A.; Sicking, D. L.; Faller, R. K.; Bielenberg, R. W.; Rohde, J. R.; Reid, J. D. 2007. Midwest Guardrail System W-Beam-to-Thrie-Beam Transition, Transportation Research Record 2025: 45 50. doi:10.3141/2025-04
Prentkovskis, O.; Sokolovskij, E.; Bartulis, V. 2010. Investigating Traffic Accidents: a Collision of Two Motor Vehicles, Transport 25(2): 105–115. doi:10.3846/transport.2010.14
Prentkovskis, O.; Beljatynskij, A.; Prentkovskienė, R.; Dyakov, I.; Dabulevičienė, L. 2009. A Study of the Deflections of Metal Road Guardrail Elements, Transport 24(3): 225–233. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.225-233
Prentkovskis, O.; Beljatynskij, A.; Prentkovskienė, R.; Lukoševičienė, O.; Sokolovskij, E. 2008. Investigation of Traffic Accident: Gate Deformations during Motor Vehicle–Gate Interaction, in Proc of the 8th International Conference Reliability and Statistics in Transportation and Communication (Rel-Stat‘08), October 15–18, 2008, Riga, Latvia. Riga, 251–255.
Prentkovskis, O.; Prentkovskienė, R.; Lukoševičienė, O. 2007. Investigation of Potential Deformations Developed by Elements of Transport and Pedestrian Traffic Restricting Gates During Motor Vehicle–Gate Interaction, Transport 22(3): 229–235.
Prentkovskis, O.; Sokolovskij, E. 2008. Computer-Run Simulation of Rollover of the Motor Vehicle, Transport and Telecommunication 9(1): 14–20.
Prentkovskis, O.; Bogdevičius, M. 2005. Investigation of Beam Metal Road Guardrail, in Proc of the 6th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”, vol. 2. Ed. by Čygas, D.; Froehner, K. D. May 26–27, 2005, Vilnius, Lithuania. Vilnius: Technika, 765–770.
Reid, J. D.; Kuipers, B. D.; Sicking, D. L.; Faller, R. K. 2009. Impact Performance of W-Beam Guardrail Installed at Various Flare Rates, International Journal of Impact Engineering 36(3): 476–485. doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.08.006
Sokolovskij, E.; Prentkovskis, O.; Pečeliūnas, R.; Kinderytė-Poškienė, J. 2007. Investigation of Automobile Wheel Impact on the Road Border, The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 2(3): 119–123.
Tan, K. S.; Tan, W.; Wong, S. V. 2008. Design of Motorcyclist-Friendly Guardrail Using Finite Element Analysis, International Journal of Crashworthiness 13(5): 567–577. doi:10.1080/13588260802293186
Šliupas, T. 2009. The Impact of Road Parameters and the Surrounding Area on Traffic Accidents, Transport 24(1): 42–47. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.42-47
Tautkus, A.; Bazaras, Ž. 2007. Modelling and Investigation of Car Collisions, Transport 22(4): 279–283.
Vansauskas, V.; Bogdevičius, M. 2009. Investigation into the Stability of Driving an Automobile on the Road Pavement with Ruts, Transport 24(2): 170–179. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.170-179
Viba, J.; Liberts, G.; Gonca, V. 2009. Car Rollover Collision with Pit Corner, Transport 24(1): 76–82. doi:10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.76-82
Vorobjovas, V.; Žilionienė, D. 2008. Evaluation of Shoulders Functions on Lithuanian Regional Roads, The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 3(4): 213–218. doi:10.3846/1822-427X.2008.3.213-218
Wu, W.; Thomson, R. 2007. A Study of the Interaction Between a Guardrail Post and Soil During Quasi-Static and Dynamic Loading, International Journal of Impact Engineering 34(5): 883–898. doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2006.04.004
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Prentkovskis, O., Beljatynskij, A., Juodvalkienė, E., & Prentkovskienė, R. (2010). A Study of the Deflections of Metal Road Guardrail Post. The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering, 5(2), 104-109. https://doi.org/10.3846/bjrbe.2010.15
