Use of Recycled Asphalt and Waste Materials in Production of High-Performance Asphalt Mixtures

Authors

  • Rolands Izaks Department of Roads and Bridges, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia Vianova Ltd, Riga, Latvia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9456-6993
  • Liga Gebauere Vianova Ltd, Riga, Latvia
  • Raivis Sparans Vianova Ltd, Riga, Latvia
  • Romans Kornisovs Department of Roads and Bridges, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
  • Viktors Haritonovs Department of Roads and Bridges, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3119-2677

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2022-17.582

Keywords:

circular production, recycled asphalt, asphalt mix, glass fiber, reinforcement, crumb rubber, RAP, HMAC

Abstract

The research has been conducted to test the asphalt produced in Latvia using local mineral materials and local recycled modifiers (fiberglass, crumb rubber), as well as the recycled asphalt used in the production of high-modulus asphalt mix, which will meet the local Latvian road construction specifications and will be economically, environmentally and technically more attractive. In the theoretical part, the available sources were studied to establish a theoretical framework, assess possibilities for using recycled materials, define the concept of fiberglass, and consider its performance in asphalt mixes. During the experimental stage of the research, different asphalt mix formulas with glass fiber, crushed rubber, RAP, and other additives used to stabilize asphalt mixtures for surface and base layers were designed in the laboratory; they were compared to the reference mixes using performance tests. Then the mixtures with the best results were used in the test section of a high-intensity local road. The samples of the asphalt layers of the paved test section were tested as well. Two asphalt mixes were designed according to local Latvian road-building specifications, using fiberglass reinforcement 0.15% + 30% RAP for the base layer and crushed rubber 15% and RAP 30%+EVOFLEX CA© variable for the surface layer. The aim of the research is to offer solutions for reducing new asphalt pavement production allowing for the use of recycled asphalt mixes in local road building. The performance tests of the test asphalt mixes showed that recycled asphalt pavement fully meets the requirements of the local Latvian road-building specifications.

References

Abtahi S. M., Sheikhzadeh M., Alipour R., & Hejazi, S. M. (2009). Physical and mechanical properties of fibers-reinforced bitumen mixtures. 7th National Conference on Textile Engineering. Rasht, Iran.

Additives, rejuvenators and rubber modified asphalt. (2021, September 30). Retrieved from “Storimpex” homepage: http://www.storimpex.de/EN/ en_asphalt.html

Airey, G. (2004). Fundamental binder and practical mixture evaluation of polymer modified bituminous materials. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 5 (3), 51–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/10298430412331314146

Drinkwater, J. (2016, October 6). When is a building circular? Retrieved from Stora Enso AB Web site: https://www.storaenso.com/en/inspiration-centre/ renewable-future-blog/2016/10/when-is-a-building-circular

European Asphalt Pavement Association. (2018, August). Recomendations for the use of rejuvenators in hot and warm asphalt production. Brussels, Belgium.

European Asphalt Pavement Association. (2019, December). A European Green Deal. Brussels, Belgium.

European Committee for Standardization. (2003a). EN 12697-22:Bituminous Mixtures - Test Methods for Hot Mix Asphalts - Part 22:Wheel Tracking. Brussels, Belgium: European Committee for Standardization.

European Committee for Standardization. (2003b). EN 12697-23: Bituminous Mixtures—Test Methods for Hot Mix Asphalt—Part 23: Determination of the Indirect Tensile Strength ofBituminous Specimens; Brussels, Belgium: European Committee for Standardization.

European Committee for Standartization. (2008). EN12697-12: Bituminous Mixturesfor Hot Mix Asphalt - Part 12: Determination of the Indirect Tensile Strenght of Bituinous Specimens. Brusseles, Belgium: European Committee for Standartization.

European Committee for Standardization. (2015). Bituminous mixtures - Test methods - Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution. Belgium, Brussels: Eurpean Committee for Standartization.

European Committee for Standartization. (2018). Bituminous mixtures - Test methods - Part 24: Resistance to fatigue. Belgium, Brussels: European Committee for Standartization.

European Committee for Standartization. (2019a). Bituminous mixtures - Test methods - Part 8: Determination of void characteristics of bituminous specimens. Belgium, Brussels: European Committee for Standartization.

European Committee for Standartization. (2019b). Bituminous mixtures - Test methods - Part 44: Crack propagation by semi-circular bending test. Belgium, Brussels: European Committee for Standartization.

European Committee for Standardization. (2020a). Bituminous mixtures - Test methods - Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens. Belgium, Brussels: European Committee for Standardization.

European Committee for Standardization. (2020b). CEN EN 12697-46:2020: Bituminous Mixtures—Test Methods—Part 46: Low Temperature Cracking and Properties by Uniaxial TensionTests. Belgium, Brussels: European Committee for Standardization.

European Commission DG Research. (2009). Laboratory and field implementation of high modulus asphalt concrete. Requrements for HMAC mix design and pavement design. In Sustanable Pavements for European New Member States.

Fitzgerald, R. (2000). Novel Applications of Carbon Fiber for Hot Mix Asphalt Reinforcement and Carbon-Carbon Pre-forms. Michigan, USA.

Geng H., Clopotel C. S., & Bahia, H. (2013). Effects of high modulus asphalt binders on performance of typical asphalt pavement structures. Construction and Building Materials, 44, 207–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.03.035

Glass fibre benefits. (2021, September 30). Retrieved from “Valmiera Glass” homepage: https://www.valmiera-glass.com/en/product-world/ glass-fibre-benefits/

H. Tran, A. Taylor, & Willis, R. (2012). Effect of rejuvenator on performance properties of HMA mixtures with high RAP and RAS contents. Auburn.

Hejazi, S. (2007). Mechanical reinforcement of hot mix asphalt using textile materials. Iran: Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology.

Huisman, J., Hubbard, S., Redman, J., & Annan, A. (2003). Measuring Soil Water Content with Ground Penetrating Radar. Vadose Zone Journal, 2(4), 476–491. https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2003.0476

Izaks, R., Rathore, M., Haritonovs, V., & Zaumanis, M. (2020). Performance properties of high modulus asphalt concrete containing high reclaimed asphalt content and polymer modified binder. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 23(7), 2255–2264. https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2020.1850721

Yildrim, Y. (2007). Polymer modified asphalt binder. Construction and Building Materials, 21(1), 66–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2005.07.007

Jung, D., & Vinson, T. (1993). Low Temperature Cracking Resistance Of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures. Asphalt Paving Technology, 54–92.

Jung, D., & Vinson, T. (1994). Low-Temperature Cracking: Test Selection. SHRP-A-400. Natioanl Research Council, Washington.

Kim, Y. (2009). Modeling of asphalt concrete. ASCE Press.

Mallick, R., O’Sullivan, K., Tao, M., & Frank, R. (2010). Why Not Use Rejuvenator for 100% RAP Recycling? Transportation Research Board 89th Annual Meeting. Washington DC, United States.

Maximizing Recycled Binder. (2021, September 30). Retrieved from “Ingevity” homepage: https://www.ingevity.com/uploads/market-pdfs/EvoFlex-CA.pdf

Naik, K. (2017, August 12). Moisture Resistivity test. Retrieved from SlideShare: https://www.slideshare.net/kishannaik3/water-sensitivity-test-tsr

O’Neal, M., & Dunn, R. (2007). GPR investigation of multiple stage 5 sea level fluctuations on a silicastic estuarine shoreline, Delaware Bay, southern New Jersey, USA. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 211(1), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.211.01.06

Pasquale, A. (2019, October 16). Creating a Circular Economy for the Construction Industry. Retrieved from Green Building Advisor source web site: https://www.greenbuildingadvisor.com/article/creating-a-circular-economy-for-the-construction-industry

Radenberg, M., Boetcher, S., & Sedaghat, N. (2016, June). Effect and efficiency of rejuvenators on aged asphalt binder – German experiences. Proceedings of the 6th Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress. Prague, Czech Republic. https://doi.org/10.14311/EE.2016.051

Rathore, M., Haritonovs, V., & Zaumanis, M. (2021). Performance Evaluation of Warm Asphalt Mixtures Containing Chemical Additive and Effect of Incorporating High Reclaimed Asphalt Content. Materials, 14(14), Article number 3793. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143793

Rys, D., Judycki, J., Pszczola, M., Jaczewski, M., & Mejlun, L. (2017). Comparison of low-temperature cracks intensity on pavements with high modulus asphalt concrete and conventional asphalt concrete bases. Construction and Building Materials, 147, 478–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.179

Hejazi, S. (2007). Mechanical reinforcement of hot mix asphalt using textile materials. Iran: Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology.

Shu X., Huang, B., & Vukosavljevic, D. (2010). Evaluation of Cracking Resistance of Recycled Asphalt Mixture Using Semi-Circular Bending Test. GeoShanghai 2010 International Conference. Shanghai, China. https://doi.org/10.1061/41104(377)8

VAS “Latvijas Valsts ceļi”. (2020). Ceļu Specifikācijas 2019. Riga, Latvia.

VAS “Latvijas Valsts ceļi”. (2021). Improving the properties and sustainability of asphalt concrete. Autoceļu avīze, 6. Retrieved from https://lvceli.lv/ wp-content/uploads/2021/08/AA-augusts-2021-nonprint_fin2.pdf

Witsuba, M., Mollenhauer, K., & Metzker, K. (2009). Assessing low temperature properties of asphalt materials by means of static testing techniques. 8th International Conference Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields. University of Illinois. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203865286.ch36

Wu, S., Ye, Q., & Li, N. (2008). Investigation of rheological and fatigue properties of asphalt mixtures containing polyester fibers. Construction and Building Materials, 22(10), 2111–2115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.07.018

Zaumanis, M., & Valters, A. (2020). Comparison of two low-temperaturecracking tests for use in performance-based asphalt mixture design. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 21(12), 1461–1469. https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2018.1549323

Zaumanis, M., Poulikakos, L., & Partl, M. (2018). Performance-based design of asphalt mixtures and review of key parameters. Materials and Design, 141, 185–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.12.035

Downloads

Published

23.12.2022

How to Cite

Izaks, R., Gebauere, L., Sparans, R., Kornisovs, R., & Haritonovs, V. (2022). Use of Recycled Asphalt and Waste Materials in Production of High-Performance Asphalt Mixtures. The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering, 17(4), 120-145. https://doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2022-17.582