Utilization of Black Cotton Soil Stabilized with Brick Dust-Lime for Pavement Road Construction: An Experimental and Numerical Approach

Damtew Melese; Belete Aymelo; Tewodros Weldesenbet; Alemineh Sorsa

doi:10.7250/bjrbe.2023-18.618

Utilization of Black Cotton Soil Stabilized with Brick Dust-Lime for Pavement Road Construction: An Experimental and Numerical Approach

Authors

Damtew Melese Department of Civil Engineering, Jimma Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 378, Jimma 47, Ethiopia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1072-227X
Belete Aymelo Department of Civil Engineering, Jimma Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 378, Jimma 47, Ethiopia https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0367-1503
Tewodros Weldesenbet Department of Civil Engineering, Jimma Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 378, Jimma 47, Ethiopia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3118-364X
Alemineh Sorsa Department of Civil Engineering, Jimma Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 378, Jimma 47, Ethiopia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5882-8260

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2023-18.618

Keywords:

black cotton soil, Brick dust, FEM, Lime, soil stabilization

Abstract

Black cotton soil is highly susceptible to volume change due to moisture fluctuations. This leads to the deformation of structures built on such soil. Therefore, the aim of this study is to improve the soil-bearing capacity and deformation analysis of black cotton soil. The laboratory tests were done according to the American Association State of highway and Transport Official (AASHTO) and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). These tests were natural moisture content, grain size distribution, X-ray diffraction test, Atterberg limit test, modified compaction, California bearing ratio, and triaxial test. Soil sample was stabilized with a ratio of 0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, and 16% of brick dust and 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% of lime, respectively. The result of the laboratory test at the optimum percentage of 12% brick dust and 5% lime shows that the liquid limit improved from 93.2% to 67.5%, plastic limit improved from 48.71%, to 58.2%. The optimum moisture content improved from 26.76 to18.5% and Maximum dry density improved from 1.42 g/cm3 to 1.58 g/cm3. The California bearing ratio improved from 1.29%, to 13.6%. The deformation analysis result shows that at optimum percentage of stabilizing agent, the deformation reduced from 2.087 mm to 0.973 mm. Therefore, brick dust-lime soil stabilization shows the promising improvement of weak subgrade soil.

References

Abhishek, D., Manish, N., & Rahul, M. (2016). Effect of fly ash geotechnical properties of soil. IJETMR, 3(5), 7–14. https://doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v3.i5.2016.62

Abe, S., & Wakatsuki, T. (2014). The influence of the mound-building termite (Macrotermes bellicosus) on soil clay mineralogy. Tropics, 22(4), 169–177. https://doi.org/10.3759/tropics.22.169

Adamu, B., Hailemariam, M., & Damtew, T. (2023). Suitability analysis of vertically installed scoria gravel drains for enhancing consolidation performance of clayey ground. Results in Engineering, 17, Article 100975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2023.100975

Adamu, B., Yada, T., Damtew, T., Alemineh, S., & Teyba, W. (2022). Experimental study on potential suitability of natural lime and waste ceramic dust in modifying properties of highly plastic clay. Heliyon, 8(10), Article e10993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10993

Adey, G. (2017). Stabilization of expansive soil used as subgrade materialusing cement kiln dust [MSc. thesis, Addis Ababa University]. http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/20916

Altmeyer, W. T. (1955). Discussion of engineering properties of expansive clays. ASCE. https://www.sciencegate.app/document/10.1061/taceat.0007284

Barasa, P. K., Jonah, T. K., & Mulei, S. M. (2015). Stabilization of expansive clay using lime and sugarcane bagasse ash. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 4(4), 124–134. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234680058.pdf

Barnat-Hunek, D., Góra, J., Suchorab, Z., & Łagód, G. (2018). Cement kiln dust. Waste and Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Concrete, 149–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102156-9.00005-5

Damtew, M., Dekebi, G., Yada, B., Alemineh, D., Tigist, M., & Mulatu, T. (2023). Interference effect of closely spaced foundation footing settlement variation. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2023, Article 7464998. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7464998

Damtew, T., Meaza, K., & Adamu, B. (2022). Deformation analysis of cement modified soft clay soil using finite element method (FEM). Heliyon, 8(6), Article e09613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09613

Damtew, T. M. (2022). Improvement of engineering properties of expansive soil modified with scoria. Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering, 16(2), Article 7716921. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7716921

Das, B. M. (2019). Advanced soil mechanics (5th ed.). London, CRC press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351215183

Deepdarshan, K. P., Buli, S., Kenea, D. F., Duresa, D. N., & Maru, D. A. (2020). Effect of fly-ash and geo-polymer in the stabilization of pavement foundation soil at Nekempt-Gudar road Ethiopia. International Journal of Creative Research Toughts (IJCRT), 8(5), 2414–2421. https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2005311.pdf

Eden, A. (2017). Stabilization of expansive clay soils using quarry waste [MSc. thesis, Addis Ababa University]. http://etd.aau.edu.et/bitstream/handle/123456789/21587/Eden%20Asres.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Enkhtur, O. & Dalai, D. (2011). The distribution and characterization of expansive soils in Mongolia. Proceedings of 2011 6th International Forum on Strategic Technology, Harbin, China, 1327–1330. https://doi.org/10.1109/IFOST.2011.6021263

Chen, F. H. (1988). Foundation on expansive soils. New York, USA: Elseveier.

Guyo, K. T., Emer, T. Q., & Getachew, K. (2019). Calcined Termite Hill Clay Powder: As Partial Cement Replacement in Production of C-25 Grade Concrete. American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 7(3), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.12691/ajcea-7-3-2

Habtamu, M. (2015). Critical assesment on the stabilization of expansive soils by different techniques [MSc. thesis, Addis Ababa University]. http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/3560

Hailemariam, M. G., Damtew, T. M., & Adamu, B. (2023). Consolidation attributes and deformation response of soft reinforced with vertical scoria drains under road embankment. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2023, Article 2623062. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2623062

Hussein, M. (2021). Effect of Sand and Sand-Lime Piles on the Behavior of Expansive Clay Soil. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2021, 4927078. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/4927078

Ismaiel, H. (2013). Cement kiln dust chemcial stabilization of expansive soil exposed at E1-Kawther Quarter, Sohag Region, Egypt. International Journal of Geosciences, 4(10), 1416–1424. https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2013.410139

Kavish S. & Mehta. (2014). Analysis of Engineering Properties of Black Cotton Soil & Stabilization Using By Lime. Engineering Research and Applications, 4(5), 1–8.

Kumar, A., Walia, B. S., & Bajaj, A. (2007). Influence of fly ash, lime, and polyster fibres on compaction andstrength properties of expansive soil. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 19(3). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2007)19:3(242)

Melese, D. T. (2023). Utilization of waste incineration bottom ash to enhance engineering properties of expansive subgrade soils. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2022, Article 7716921. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7716921

Murray, H. H. (2007). Applied clay mineralogy occurrences, processing and application of kaolins, bentonites, palygorskitesepiolite, and common clays. In Developments in Clay Science, 2, 141–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1572-4352(06)02008-3

Russell, L. B., & Cerato, A. B. (2007). Stabilization of Oklahoma expansive soils using lime and class C fly ash. In Problematic Soils and Rocks and In Situ Characterization. https://doi.org/10.1061/40906(225)1

Syed, M., Guha Ray, A., & Garg, A. (2021). Performance Evaluation of Lime, Cement and Alkali-Activated Binder in Fiber-Reinforced Expansive Subgrade Soil: A Comparative Study. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 50(6), 20210054. https://doi.org/10.1520/jte20210054

Walker, P., & Pavía S. (2011). Physical properties and reactivity of pozzolans, and their influence on the properties of lime-pozzolan pastes. Materials and Structure, 44(6), 1139–1150. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-010-9689-2

Yilmaz, I. (2004). Relationships between liquid limit, cation exchange capacity, and swelling potentials of clayey soils. Eurasian Soil Science, 37(5), 506–512. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12418/11215

Yuan, W.-H., Wang, H.-C., Zhang, W., Dai, B.-B., Liu, K., & Wang, Y. (2021). Particle finite element method implementation for large deformation analysis using Abaqus. Acta Geotechica, 16, 2449–2462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-020-01124-2