Stress and Strain of RCC Pavement with Cement Stabilized Base Depending on Load and Season of the Year
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2024-19.638Keywords:
bearing capacity, deflection, roller-compacted concrete, RCC, strain gauge, temperature-humidity sensorAbstract
Slip-form concrete (JPCP) has a number of years of good performance experience. An alternative to slip-form concrete is roller-compacted concrete (RCC). The RCC mixture has a significantly larger number of fine aggregates, which leads the concrete mix to be non-slip and compacted by rollers. RCC has the strength and performance of conventional concrete or even higher. Due to all the advantages, the use of RCC pavement in industrial areas and low-volume rural roads is very beneficial. Experimental test section of RCC pavement structure with cement and special additives stabilized base (CTB) was installed on local road No. 130 in Lithuania, which was reconstructed in 2021. The main objective of this study is to learn about the environmental impact on the pavement structure. To reach our aim at the stage of reconstruction of the local road temperature, humidity sensors and a strain gauge were installed under the RCC layer and CTB. During the lifetime of pavement structure temperature and humidity data were collected daily and bearing capacity was measured during spring thaw. In addition, an artificial wheel load simulation using a falling weight deflectometer was performed at the location of the installed strain gauge to analyse deflections and to calculate stresses under RCC layer. The stresses under the RCC layer calculated from the strain gauge were also compared with the theoretical stress calculated at the design stage of the pavement structure to learn more about performance of the pavement structure. The results showed that slight changes in humidity at the bottom of the CTB had no significant influence on the deformations at the bottom of the RCC layer. Comparison of stresses under RCC layer showed that stresses calculated from strain gauge were 1.80 times lower than those calculated theoretically.
References
Chhorn, C., Hong, S. J., & Lee, S. W. (2017). A study on performance of roller-compacted concrete for pavement. Construction and Building Materials, 153, 535–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.135 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.135
DieForschungsgesellschaft für Straßen- und Verkehrswesen. (2009). Richtlinien für die Rechnerische Dimensionierung von Betondecken im Oberbau von Verkehrsf Lächen RDO Beton 09. Die Forschungsgesellschaft für Straßen- und Verkehrswesen, Köln, German.
ERES. (1987). Pavement design principles and practices. National Highway Institute, Washington D.C., USA.
Fardin, H. E., & Goulart dos Santos, A. (2021). Predicted responses of fatigue cracking and rutting on roller compacted concrete base composite pavements. Construction and Building Materials, 272, Article 121847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121847 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121847
Graeff, A., Pilakoutas, K., Neocleous, K., & Peres, M. (2012). Fatigue resistance and cracking mechanism of concrete pavements reinforced with recycled steel fibres recovered from post-consumer tyres. Engineering Structures, 45, 385–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.06.030 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.06.030
Huang Yang. (2004). Pavement analysis and design. New Jersey, USA, Prentice-Hall, Pearson.
Lee, M. K., & Barr, B. I. G. (2004). An overview of the fatigue behaviour of plain and fibre reinforced concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 26(4), 299–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(02)00139-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(02)00139-7
Lithuanian Hydrological Service. https://www.meteo.lt/
Mahdi, M., Liu, Y., Wu, Z., & Rupnow, T. (2020). Experimental investigation of wheel-load induced strain responses in roller compacted concrete pavements. In A. Chabot, P. Hornych, J. Harvey, & L. Loria-Salazar (Eds.), Accelerated pavement testing to transport infrastructure innovation. Lecture notes in civil engineering, 96, Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55236-7_21 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55236-7_21
Minnesota Department of Transportation. (2012). Use of street pave for design of concrete pavements for cities and counties in Minnesota. Minnesota Department of Transportation, MN, USA. https://www.lrrb.org/pdf/201210.pdf
Modarres, A., & Hosseini, Z. (2014). Mechanical properties of roller compacted concrete containing rice husk ash with original and recycled asphalt pavement material. Materials and Design, 64, 227–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATDES.2014.07.072 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.07.072
Mohammed, B. S., & Adamu, M. (2018a). Mechanical performance of roller compacted concrete pavement containing crumb rubber and nano silica. Construction and Building Materials, 159, 234–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.10.098 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.10.098
Mohammed, B. S., & Adamu, M. (2018b). Evaluating the static and dynamic modulus of elasticity of roller compacted rubbercrete using response surface methodology. International Journal of GEOMATE, 14(41), 186–192. https://doi.org/10.21660/2018.41.42833 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21660/2018.41.42833
National Concrete Pavement Technology Center. (2010). Guide for roller-compacted concrete pavements. Iowa, USA. https://rccpavementcouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/CP-Tech-Center-RCC-2010.pdf
Okamoto, P. A. (1999). Report on review of concrete fatigue models (PCA R&D Serial No. 2213). Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Ill., USA.
Parker, F. Jr., Barker, W. R., Gunkel, R. C. & Odom, E. C. (1979). Development of a structural design procedure for rigid airport pavements (Report No. FAA-RD-77-8 1). Department of the Army and the Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, D.C., USA. https://www.tc.faa.gov/its/worldpac/techrpt/rd77-81.pdf
Papagiannakis, A., & Masad, E. A. (2008). Pavement design and materials. Hoboken, USA, John Wiley & Sons.
Rambabu, D., Sharma, S. K., & Akbar, M. A. (2023). A review on suitability of roller-compacted concrete for constructing high traffic resisting pavements. Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 8(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-022-00989-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-022-00989-4
Ramezanianpour, A. A., Mohammadi, A., Dehkordi, E. R., & Chenar, Q. B. (2017). Mechanical properties and durability of roller compacted concrete pavements in cold regions. Construction and Building Materials, 146, 260–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.099 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.099
Roden, R. (2013). RCC fatigue model development by the American Concrete Pavement Association (ACPA) (Interim Report).
Sengun, E. (2019). Effects of mixture design parameters and compaction methods on the properties of roller compacted concrete pavements [PhD Thesis, Midle East Technical University]. https://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12624703/index.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116807
Sengun, E., & Alam, B., Yaman, I., & Ceylan, H. (2021). A new evaluation of the fatigue design criteria of roller compacted concrete (RCC) pavements. Construction and Building Materials, 289, Article 123195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123195 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123195
Sengun, E., Alam, B., Shabani, R., & Yaman, I. (2020). Strength and fracture properties of roller compacted concrete (RCC) prepared by an in-situ compaction procedure. Construction and Building Materials, 271, Article 121563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121563 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121563
Shiraz, D. T., & Okamoto, P. A. (1987). Engineering properties of roller-compacted concrete. Transportation Research Record, 1136, 33–45. https://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1987/1136/1136-004.pdf
Sun, W., Liu, J., Qin, H., Zhang, Y., Jin, Z., & Qian, M. (1998). Fatigue performance and equations of roller compacted concrete with fly ash. Cem. Concr. Res., 28(2), 309–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(97)00211-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(97)00211-1
Thompson, M. R., Barenberg, E. J., Carpenter, S. H., Darter, M. I., Dempsey, B. J., & Ioannides, A. M. (1990). Calibrated mechanistic structural analysis procedures for pavements. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA.
Vaitkus, A., Kleiziene, R., Vorobjovas, V., & Čygas, D. (2019). Mixture strength class and slab dimensions’ effect on the precast concrete pavement structural performance. The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering, 14(3), 443–471. https://doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2019-14.452 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2019-14.452
Vaitkus, A., Škulteckė, J., Vorobjovas, V., & Šernas, O., & Žalimienė, L. (2020). Cement concrete modular pavement implementation for pedestrian and bicycle path. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 987, Article 012002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/987/1/012002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/987/1/012002
Vaitkus, A., Gražulytė, J., Šernas, O., Karbočius, M., & Mickevič, R. (2021). Concrete modular pavement structures with optimized thickness based on characteristics of high performance concrete mixtures with fibers and silica fume. Materials, 14(12), Article 3423. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14123423 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14123423
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Rafal Mickevič, Audrius Vaitkus (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
